Other pests such as, digger (Gryllus mitratus), crickets (Brachytrypes portentosus), orong-orong (G

OM FARMER - Control of pests and plant diseases of tobacco is one of the most important aspects of the cultivation of tobacco so that optimal results can be obtained. he let the plant pests will decrease production of tobacco either of quantity or quality.
Cause: The caterpillars feed on the leaves of tobacco leaves lupine until they run out, the symptoms are the onset of irregular pits and white on the bite wound. Control is done by, cut leaves into a nest of eggs and caterpillars, inundation moment during the morning or afternoon, lupine because lupine at that time the caterpillars are on the ground lupine or by spraying lupine herbicides such as permethrin 2 g / liter or betasiflutrin 25 g / liter.
Fleas are damaging tobacco crops because the plant leaves suck fluid, attacking in nurseries and plantations, so that plant growth is inhibited. These ticks produce honey dew that causes the leaves become sticky and covered with black fungus. Aphids physically affects the color, flavor and texture and will reduce the quality and price. In Khemis aphids reduce the content alkoloid, sugar, sugar ratio and maningkatkan lupine alkoloid total leaf nitrogen. Aphids can cause losses up to 50%. How to control this pest is to reduce N fertilizer and insecticide spraying is if greater than 10% of tobacco plant lice found colonies (each colony approximately 50 animals fleas). Pesticides are used that kind imidaklorid.
Nimfanya both adult lice and sucking the fluid leaves so the leaves become damaged. Besides damaging the leaves, lice is also a viral vector for crackers or tobacco mosaic lupine disease. How to control the land sanitation and spraying with insecticide lupine Chlorpyrifos.
Symptoms: the roots of the plants looked round ulcers with varying size, the plants become stunted, wilt, the leaves fall and the plant eventually dies. Control: maintaining field sanitation, eradicate weeds and spraying herbicides.
Other pests such as, digger (Gryllus mitratus), crickets (Brachytrypes portentosus), orong-orong (Gryllotalpa africana), geni ant (Solenopsis geminata), grasshoppers pansy (Engytarus tenuis) and ladybirds (Besimea tabaci).
The disease is caused by the fungus Phytium spp, Rhizoctonia and Sclerotium sp sp. This disease generally attacks the nursery phase, the seeds grooved base attack symptoms such as pinch, rotten, brown seeds and finally collapsed. The disease usually affects areas with a temperature of 240C, humidity above 85% poor drainage and high rainfall the soil pH from 5.2 to 8.5. This disease can be overcome with spacing nursery, disinfect the soil before sowing seed or seedling spraying and dipping the seeds before planting with a fungicide netalaksil (3 g / liter of water), Mankozep (2-3 g / liter of water), Benomil (2-3 g / liter of water).
Pathogens are disease-causing fungus Phytophthora nicotianae (Semangun 1988). Attack lupine symptoms can be divided into 3 types, namely: Type 1; plant whose leaves are still green drooping sudden wilt and eventually lupine die, the base of the stem near the soil surface and the brown rot when cleaved sectional pith of plants, Type 2; drooping leaves are yellowing lupine plants then wilt and eventually die, Type 3; symptomatic necrosis dark light (concentric) and after processing the color is more brown than normal leaves. How to prevent it is to do thorough sanitation tillage improve drainage use manure that has been cooked, at least 2 years of crop rotation and use of resistant varieties such as Coker 48, Coker 206 NC85, DB 102, Speight G-28, Ky. 317, Ky. 340, Oxford 1, and Vesta 33 (Lucas, lupine 1975, Powell, 1988, Melton 1991). Control can be done by spraying fungicide on the base of the stem by using a fungicide Mankozeb 2-3 g / liter of water, Benomil 2 -3 g / liter of water, Propanokarb Hydrochloride 1-2 ml of water.
Cause is a viral pathogen tobacco crackers (Tabacco Leaf Virus Corl = TLCV). Symptoms of attack is seen somewhat wrinkled leaves, leaf edges curled up, twisted veins, thickened leaves, or until the leaves wrinkled and very rude. Prevention of this disease is to eradicate lupine whitefly vector (Bemisia tabaci) with the insecticide dimethoate or imedakloprid.
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