Most species Globodera already formed cyst attached to the anterior part of the body to infiltrate

Genus: Globodera
This includes family Heteroderidae nematodes. There are two (2) well-known genera Heterodera and Globodera ie. Several species belonging to the genus Heterodera namely: Heterodera avanae (cereal cyst nematode), H. glycines (soybean cyst nematode) and H. schachtii (sugar beet cyst nematode), bunge while species belonging to the genus Globodera there are 14 known species each have a specific host. Potato cyst nematode two species are almost identical Globodera rostochiensis (Wolienweber) Mulvey & Stone and G. pallida Stone which was originally identified the same. Species Globodera rostochiensis, also known as the Yellow cyst nematode (PCN, Golden Cyst Nematode) and G. pallida (white yellow cyst nematode).
Morphology. Yellow cyst nematode Globodera genus, which has become a successful specialization and plant parasitic nematodes as pests on agricultural crops. Type / species is found in the root tissue in a state of the worm is turning into a rounded shape (like a bottle shape)
Most species Globodera already formed cyst attached to the anterior part of the body to infiltrate in the cortex, while the posterior roots outside the network (semi-endoparasites). Sista rounded bunge shape (globular or spheroid), most of the yellow color of gold, some white and dark yellow to brown. Small yellow cyst nematode, naturally resides in and mixed with the period of land, and has extreme bunge expertise to assemble and finds a host. He also can survive for long periods in the soil without a suitable host.
Eggs are oval, egg masses were in the fertilized female body becomes the weapon. (Figure 2 B.). Egg size between 98-109 lm long with an average of 105 lm. while the width between 50-59 lm with an average of 54.6 lm
Two stadia larvae when the eggs are still in the larval body generally folded into four folds. Worm-shaped larvae, further to the end of the tail shape decreasing (Figure 3 b and 4 b.). Head slightly offset (part of the body behind the head with a recess in the head separated cuticle). Stinlet type stomatosilet and well developed. Stylet bunge knob (the base of the stylet) rounded. Total body length of between 531-563 lm with an average of 548.4 lm, being maximum body width between 22-26 lm with an average of 23.6 lm. Head length between 4-6 lm with an average width of 5.2 lm being the body at the base of the head between 11-12 lm with an average of 11.6 lm. Panjamh stinlet between 21-33 lm with an average of 25.2 lm.
Biology. Based Tuner, bunge SJ and K. Evan (1998) and a list of EPPO (1994) both PCN species have spread in several countries in Europe (Austria, Balarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Switzerland, Hungary, bunge Iceland, Italy , Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzelan, Ukraine and the United Kingdom), Asia (Cyprus, India, Japan, Lebanon, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Tajekistan), Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sierra Leona, South Africa, and Tunisia), North America (Canada, Mexico, and the USA), Central America (Costa Rica and Panama), South America (Agentina, Bolivia, Chile , Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela) and Ocionea (Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island).
NSK attack was first discovered in Indonesia by monitoring Directorate of Seed Protection Directorate of Horticulture and Horticulture in March 2003. Originally reportedly attacked the potato crops (varieties Granola) in the hamlet of Sumber Brantas, rejo Tulung Village, District Earth Aji, Batu, East Java. Plant area affected is estimated at 25% of the total potato crop 800 hectares. The symptoms have been felt since the previous year. Seed potatoes grown in 2002 was reported from Germany, but the farmers have planted seeds imported since 1986 (Ditlinhor, 2003)
Commercial bunge crops are attacked and became the main host is potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and eggplant (S.melongena). In addition, there are reportedly bunge other host plants, namely bunge S. Dulcamara (bitter nightshade), S. rostratum (buffalo bur), S. triflorum (Cutleaf nightshade), S. elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade), S. blodgettii, S. xanti (purple nightshade), and S. integrifolium (tomato eggplant). Plant breeders also found 90 species of Solanum in America Se